Sitagliptin might be a favorable antiobesity drug for new onset diabetes after a renal transplant.

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of sitagliptin, alone or in combination with metformin, in kidney transplant patients with newly diagnosed new-onset diabetes mellitus after transplant who had inadequate glycemic control, compared with a group of patients receiving insulin glargine with special emphasis on weight gain. MATERIALS AND METHODS Newly diagnosed renal transplant patients with new-onset diabetes mellitus after a transplant was defined by a blood glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/L after an oral glucose tolerance test were examined. They were treated with standard immunosuppression composed of triple therapy with tacrolimus or cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil or azathioprine, and prednisone. They had stable graft function for more than 6 months after the transplant. RESULTS Patients with new-onset diabetes mellitus after transplant (n=28) whose glycemia was not controlled adequately with oral hypoglycemic agents (either alone or in combination) received oral sitagliptin 100 mg once daily in addition to existing therapy for 12 weeks. Patients who received insulin glargine as add-on therapy (n=17) served as the control group. Data analyses included glycated hemoglobin, fasting plasma glucose, lipid profile, body weight, and the occurrence of hypoglycemia. We found significant reductions in glycated hemoglobin and fasting plasma glucose values after 12 weeks of additional sitagliptin therapy that were comparable to those with insulin glargine. While the addition of stagliptin resulted in a small weight loss (0.4 kg), the addition of insulin glargine resulted in a weight gain (0.8 kg). The overall incidence of adverse experiences was low and generally mild in both groups. CONCLUSIONS In a group of renal transplant recipients with new-onset diabetes mellitus after a transplant in whom glycemia was not controlled adequately by oral hypoglycemic agents, the addition of sitagliptin helped to achieve glycemic control similar to insulin glargine but with a marginal weight advantage.